Table 1: Indications for foetal echocardiography.
Maternal indications | Foetal indications |
• Family history of congenital heart disease | • Abnormal obstetrical ultrasound abnormality |
• Metabolic disorders (e.g. diabetes, phenylketonuria) | • Extracardiac abnormality |
• Exposure to teratogens | • Chromosomal abnormality |
• Exposure to prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors (e.g. ibuprofen, salicylic acid, indomethacin) | • Arrhythmia |
• Rubella infection | • Hydrops |
• Autoimmune disease (e.g. SLE) | • Increased first trimester nuchal translucency |
• Familial inherited disorders (e.g. Marfan, Noonan syndrome) | • Multiple gestation, suspicion of twin-to-twin transfusion |
• In-vitro fertilisation |